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ORGAN.

No. 449,590. Patented Mar. 31,1891.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. ROOSEVELT 8v W. N. ELBERT.

ORGAN.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEmE.

FRANK ROOSEVELT, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., AND WILLIAM N. ELBERT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA; SAID ELBERTASSIGNOR TO SAID ROOSEVELT.

ORGAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,590, dated March 31, 1891.

Application filed October 5, 1889. Serial No. 326,118. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, FRANK ROOSEVELT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, and WILLIAM N. ELBEET, likewise a citizen of the United States, but a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in Organs, of which the following is a specification.

Our invent-ion relates, generally, to a classv of organs in which sound is produced by the play upon or within resonant pipes of air under pressure, and which are therefore known as pipe organs, and it relates, specifically, to the action or mechanism through which impulses or motions imparted to the keys are transmitted to the valves immediately controlling the operation of the pipes.

Organs have heretofore been constructed in which pneumatic pressure existing in series of independent metal pipes leading each from its individual valve way of a wind chest to a point in the vicinity of the organ manual and each at such point equipped with a valve connected with so as to be operated by a manual kcy,-has been utilized to transmit the movement of the keys to the valves controlling the pipes of the organ.

It is the object of our invention to provide an organ with a system of channels to convey said pneumatic pressure, which channels shall be built or formed in such manner as to be not only less expensive, but also more economical of space and capable of more easy application to and removal from the organ than the pipes above mentioned.

In the accompanying drawings we illustrate and herein we describe, a preferred form of a convenient embodiment of our invention, and also a modified embodiment of the same, the particular subject matter claimed as novel being hereinafter deinitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal, vertical, central, sectional, elevation, through the great organ and swell organ wind chests, illustrating actions embodying our invention by which keys in the great organ and swell organ manuals are respectively connected with and operate said wind chests. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of what we term the channel board. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, save that the actions therein illustrated are of the usual and well known character. Fig. 4 is a view also similar to Fig. 1, illustrating a modified embodiment of our invention.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The wind chests and actions shown in Fig. 3 being, as stated, of a well known character, are simply introduced to illustrate what is old in the construction of this portion of this type of organ,and,therefore, the more clearly to exhibit, by contrast, the features of improvement shown in the other figures in which our invention resides. Referring then briefly to said Fig. 3, A is the wind chest of the great organ, and A the wind chest of the swellorgan. These wind chests are represented as constructed to embody certain improvements forming the subject matter of United States Letters Patent No. 323,829, granted August 4E, 1885, to Hilborne L.Roosevelt and Charles S. Haskell, to which Letters Patent reference is to be made for a better understanding of their construction.

d are the wind chambers, which extend longitudinally through said wind chests, and are formed between the partition bars (LX.

P are the pipes, and p the pipe ducts which lead from out the wind chambers to said pipes.

O and OX are the pallet boxes of the wind chests A and A respectively, which are both in communication with the wind supply bymeans of wind trunks(not shown)and through thebottoms of which extend tothe outer atmosphere valve throats, those formed in the pallet box C being designated d, and those formed in the pallet box OX being designated dxf-which valve throats are, midway of their depth, respect-ivelyin communication with wind ducts, herein termed the valve ways d and cl2, those designated d being formed in the bottom board D of the wind chest A, and those desig- IOO ing of the usual system of levers', trackers,

and stickers, with the keys G and H of the great organ and swell organ manuals respectively.

Each of the wind chambers a, of the chests is, by means of suitable pallets and in the usual manner, in controllable communication y with a wind trunk and organ bellows, there being no communication between the pallet boxes and the wind chambers. It is, of course, to be understood that there-are any desired number of pipes, wind chambers, and pneumatics.

The pipe ducts p andcwind ways d3 are, as shown in the Letters Patent referred to, by pairs in vertical alignment, and a pneumatic, E, normally distended by means of a suitable spring, not shown, is secured to a partition bar between the members of each pair'. Each pneumatic has one board embodying an aperture which is fixed over the end of a wind way cl3 and one board which is movable, to which is secured an arm terminating in a disk adapted when the pneumatic is distended to be swung against and close a pipe duct p, and

when the pneumaticis collapsed to be swung by the movement of said movable board away from said duct.

In a position of rest the various operative instrumentalities of or connectedwith the ywind chest are in the positions represented in Fig. 3,--that is to say, the puppetvalves are seated against the lower openings of their throats, and the wind in consequence in the valve ways and within the pneumatic bellows which assume their expanded position. depression of any key in either manual occasions the drop of the valve stem and puppet f valve with which said key communicates,

shuts oif the wind from the connectedvalve way, and gives the lead to the exhaust from out said valve way, thereby permitting the collapse of the connected pneumatics under the pressure of the wind at the time existing in the wind chambers and the removal of the and puppet valve with which said 'key communicates, and permits of the influx of'wind from the pallet box to the valve way andv thence through the wind ways of said valvel way to the pneumatic bellows which are in` communication with said valve way, withthe result that the equilibrium of wind pressurev thus established permits the springs to expand e said bellows.

Referring now to Fig. 1,-it will be observed that, while the wind chests in the construc= tion there shown are maintained in their usual positions, their respective pallet boxes The C CX are located at a point or points remote from or rather less near to them and adjacent to the manuals, and that notwithstanding the separation effected between pallet boxes and wind chests their pneumatic or interior communication is by means of interposed channels preserved. It will also be seen that by the removal of the pallet boxes to a position nearer to the manuals, the mechanical actions, that is the system of trackers and stickers, are correspondingly simplified or shortened,- the eifect of the new positioning of the pallet boxes, and the provision of the channels between them and their respective wind chests, being a proportionate substitution of a pneumatic for a mechanical action.

Our invention comprehends the provision of channel blocks or boards of the character hereinafterdescribed, in which a single structure is utilized to embody a series of channels, as opposed to the constructions heretobeen provided by the employment of an independent metal pipe.

The details of the construction resorted to in the embodiment of our invention in the form shown in Fig. l, are as follows: The casing of the wind chest AX completely seals the valve ways d2 at their ends nearest the rear of the organ; said valve ways, however, at their forward ends open downwardly through the bottom board DX.

L is what we term the horizontal channel board, it being a body of material embodying a series of longitudinal conduits, ways, or tunnels, Z, and conveniently made as a composite structure, as by cutting into the face of a plank of suitable size a number of grooves of sufficient depth, and superimposing thereupon a covering or facing board. Both ends of the ways Z open through the upper surface of the channel board near the ends thereof, as shown in Fig. 2, and the channel board itself is conveniently made of about the'same frontage width as the wind chest A, but of greater depth than that of said chest, and it yis for support applied conveniently to the vundersurface of said wind chest A, in such position that the rear ends of the wavs Z are in alignment one beneath each of the valve ways (Z2 of the wind chest AX, and in registry with the downwardly facing openings thereof. The bottom board D of the wind chest A extends forwardly beyond the partition bars aX, and the valve Ways (Z open through its upper face. Beyond the front ends of said valve ways are a series of orifices a3 extending through the board D and in position to register with the front ends of the ways Z of the channel board.

The pallet boxes C and CX are according to your invention, although differently located, formed in substantially the same manner as in the construction of Fig. 3, embodying valvo throats d ZX in which are seated puppet ',valves F FX. Each of the pallet boxes Gand vCX has, however, one side wall (the said side IOO IIO

walls being designated M and Mx respectively) and constituting vertical channel boards which are extended in the direction of the appropriate wind chest, in the construction shown in the drawings said direction being generally upward. These walls embody series of vertical conduits or wind ways, designated respectively m mx, each wind way m opening below into a corresponding valve throat CZ, and each wind way mx similarly opening into a corresponding valve throat cZx. The vertical channel boards are conveniently formed in the manner described with reference to the horizontal channel board L. The upper edges of said two walls in which are the upper openings of said windways are ilush with the upper surface of the board D.

In order to place the aforesaid vertical wind ways mmx respectively in com mnnication with the Valve ways (Z and the ways Z which, as explained, are continuations of the Valve ways (Z2 in such manner as to permit of the expansion or contraction of the material of which the wind chest-s and pallet boxes are respectively composed, without straining or starting openings in the joints, we resort to a construction of weather proof coupling N, which we term a take-up coupling, and which effectually answers the purpose. The coupling in question consists of a structure superimposed and resting directly upon the upper ends of the walls M Mx and the front end of the bottom board D. Two series of transverse ports 'n nx, are formed in this coupling, all of which open as to both ends upon its under face at such points that each port nx will as to its terminal openings be in registry with one of the holes c and with one of the vertical wind ways mx, respectively, thus placing these latter in communication,-and each port An. will as to its terminal openings be in registry with one of the Valve ways CZ and with one of the vertical wind ways m, respectively, thus placing these latter also in communication.

The coupling may be made in such manner as convenience of .manufacture may dictate, and is preferably made of wood after the manner of the making of the channel board. In practice its ports are of such diameter as to allow for the movement of the valve ways, so that when through contraction or expansion of the material of the wind chests and the consequent shifting of the coupling the ports are out of exact registry with the valve ways and channels which they unite, a sufficient area of port openings will still remain and always be in open communication with said ways to permitof the passage of the required volume of wind.

G and II are, as stated, manual keys appertaining to the great organ and swell organ wind chests respectively, and in the construction of Fig. l now under discussion, each is pivoted upon a key rail O, and to the inner end of each is connected a vertical sticker o, each at its upper end connected to the front end of a corresponding horizontal lever o, the levers being all fulcrumed upon suitable supports o2 and having their inner ends attached to the stems f f x of the puppet valves.

Ox are springs attached to any suitable part of the framework, bearing against the levers o', and tending to maintain the pallets normally elevated.

In the foregoing construction the wind pumped into the pallet boxes exists in and lills said boxes and also through the medium ot' the interposed conduits formed by the vertical valve ways, coupling ports, and ways Z, fills the valve ways CZ (Z2, tends to maintain the pneumatics normally distended, and cooperates with the compressed air fed into the wind chambers to upon the depression of a key cause the pipes to speak.

In Fig. fi is shown an embodiment of our improvements which, although slightly d iffering in form from that just described, is yet in principle identical with it. The change in form referred to, briefly stated, resides in the separation of the channel board L from the bottom of the great organ wind chest A, so that an interspace exists between them, the arrangement necessitating the formation of an elbow Zx in the inner end of the channel board, to place the ways Zof the latter in communication with the valve ways CZ2 of the swell organ chest Ax. At the front of the organ as thus constituted, the valve ways CZ in the bottom board D of the wind chest A are extended straight through the end of said board and do not open through its upper face, and the ways Z of the channel board open through the end of said board,-and to the said bottom board D and the channel board L the separated vertical valve-way-provided walls or channel boards M and Mx are directly joined so as to place both the valve ways CZ and the vertical ways m, and the channel board ways Z and the vertical ways mx, respectively, directly in communication withoutl theinterposition of the couplingiI, which is therefore dispensed with.

It is obvious that the channel boards herein described may, by regulation of the number and length of their sections, be arranged to conform to the internal arrangement of any organ and be applied to any wind chest; that the channel boards which are, for the purpose of being mounted and supported within the organ, in effect, blocks, are particularly adapted to be supported in and become a part of the frame work of the organ 5 that great usefulness resides in the fact that a single structure contains many channels, a construction much more advantageous than such an arrangement of independent pipes as we have hereinbefore referred to, and also more economical than such pipes for the reason that our channel boards may be constructed of wood or kindred material, whereas such pipes are formed of metal.

Having thus described our invention,we claim:

IOO

IIO

' which the mechanical connections between the manual keys and a pallet box are simplilied and shortened by reason of the location of the pallet box at a point in proximity to said manual keys, as a means tor placing said pallet box in pneumatic connection with a wind chest occupying its usual posif tion in the organ, but distant from the pallet box and lstructurally independent thereof,- an elongated board-like wooden structure embodying a series of channels, supported in any desired manner, and the channels of which open respectively into the wind chest and pallet box, substantially as set forth.

2. In a pipe organ, in combination with a swell organ Wind chest, embodying valve ways, a pallet box situated at a point in adjacency to the organ manual, and having a vertically extended side piece embodying a series of valve Ways, and having also a series of valve throats in communication with its valve ways, pallets mountedin the valve i Witnesses to the signature of Frank Roosevelt:

J. BoNsALL TAYLOR, l WM. C. STRAWBRIDGE.

Witnesses to the signature of William N. Elbert:

.T. BoNsALL TAYLOR, WMC. STRAWBRIDGE. 

